Fastening.



1I. E. PERCIVAL.

FASTENING.

' A1PLICATION FILED 00T. 15, 1908.

938,073. Patented o@t.26,19o9.

E., Y- a@ Z stood struction 'of the socket shown in Fig. v1.

3 shows in vertical cross section a furtherof Fig. 4.

UNTTED sTATEs PATENT oFFrcE.

HERBERT E. RERcIvAL, or HOUSTON, TEXAS, A ssIGNoR o E ONE-HALE To BREWER w. REY, 0E wooDwARD, oxEAHoMA.

FASTENING.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 26, 1909.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HERBERT E. PERCIVAL, of Houston, in the county of Harris and State of Texas, a citizen of lthe United States, have invented a new and useful Im'- provement in Fastenings, of which the following' is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, 'forming a part of this specification, in explaining its nature.

My invention relates to an im rovement in fastenings and to that type o fastening comprising a threaded member and a' socket into which thethreaded member is adapted to serew'to vbecome seated therein and one also which isv especiallyfadapted for fastening a rail to a tie made of cement or other plastic material in which the socket is made or formed.

` The special object of my invention is to rovide a fastening of the above character 1n which the threaded member will not shake loose or" become disengaged'from the socket except in consequence of some positive action'for the purpose of removing the threaded member, and a fastening, also, which will be commercially practicable, meaning a fastening which can be made at compara tively low cost. 'This latter consideration especially is 'one that I desire to meet by my invention, for while manyfa st enings hitherto made have'been practicable in the-sense that the threaded member'when seated will not become loose, yetl 'the cost rof making such a socket is so great that it lacks utility from a commercial standpoint. Y My invention can best be seen andunderby reference to the drawings in whiche- Figure 1 shows in vertical 'cross sectionf' a socket embodying m invention embedded in a cement or plastic ody, there being shown in combination with the socket'a" threaded member vor screw s ike inposition ready to 1g. 2 shows 1n cross ver-v enter thJ socket. tical section a slight modification in the con- Fig.

form of socket lembodying my invention. Fig. 4 shows in vertical'cross section a slight modification of thev socketv shown "in Fig. 3, and Fig. 5 is a cross section on the line 5-5 drawings A re resents a cement Embed ed' therein' aV is a threaded member or In the or plastic. body. socket while C screw spike adapted to enter and become seated within the socket.

The socket B comprises a tubular body b of some'relatively'soft metal, such' as a com bination of Babbitt metal and lead. On the inside'this body is provided with a spiral groove vb1 into which is adapted to lit and run the threads on the member C asthis member is screwed into the socket. On the outside of the. body of the socket, running around the same, is a spiral rib b2. rI his rib follows the line of the groove out on theinside 'of the bod of the socket reinforcing it at the point 0 the groove. formed is molded. into the cement or plastic body at the time it is formed when the socket becomes permanently set therein. The advantage of 'this vconstruction is that little The socket so metal'need be used for making the main Vbody of the socket; -in other words, the body Vof the socket'maybe quite thin, just enough metal being employed to provide a facing or liningto the cement or plastic material in which the socket' is set. By providing the body ofthe socket on the outsidewith a spiral rib in linewith and adjacent to the groove eut'on the inside of the body of the V'socket the body atthe point of the groove becomes so strengthened or reinforced as to provide 'a proper setting, as it were, for the thread of the threaded member and also furnishes a'suiiciency of metal between the thread1 and the plastic material to prevent thethread cutting through the wall of the socket made as it 'is relatively thin. I prefer, also, that that lportion of the socket compristhe spiral rib shall be made thicker or heavier metal than that portion of the socket between thelines ofthe rib in order 'thata suiicieney of metal may be provided to forma yieldlng cushion and prevent the thread of the threaded member as it is serewed'intothef'socket from crushing the cement or "plastic material as it otherwise y'might do. This' is' especially so because in practice the groove formed on'the inside of thebod *of thejsocketis made slightly less Vin dept 'than the height of the thread on thshajnkof the threaded member 'in order that the'v thread, when the threaded member Visscevv Il"n'to the 'socketymay cut its way in part'or'thepurpose of 'securing an abso- 'lutel'y zi hunt; spiral on the bodyof the socket resides VAnother advantage of thev v Y the factthatit provides meansl by. which the socket becomes rmly set into the cementor plastic body in such manner that it cannot In Fig. 2 there is shown substantially theI same kind of socket as shown in Fig. l, ex-

cepting, however, lthat the body of the socket between the lines of its spiral rib is reinforced. -byfembedding therein a spiral reinforcement 4of hard metal, the same preferably comprising one or more coils of wire b3.

In Fig. 3 there is shown a socket substantially the same as the socket shown in Fig. 1 excepting. thatv the body b of the socket, made .of some relatively soft material, is provided with a sheet lining or inside facing b4 Iof some harderxmetal, the same being preferably a lining made either vof sheet brass, lwhite metal, galvanized iron, copper or some other hard, non-corrosive materlal. In this lining there is formed a spiral groove b5 for receiving the thread of, the threaded member or screw spike asrit is turned into the socket. The advantage of this construction is that by -makin the lining of the socket or part directy adjacent to the threaded member of relatively hard metal all the advantages of a hard metal socket are obtained. -In otherwords, the hard vmetal lining acts to better hold the threaded member when once screwed into the socket than would a lining of a softer metal. The reason for this is that the hard metal lining, though yielding suiiiciently to permitthe threaded -member or screw lentering the socket, will act to resist the thread on the screw on which account considerable power need be exercised to screw the threaded member into the socketbut once turned in it will-remain set. The lining of the socket being hard, the threads of the threaded member will not cut into it, the tendency of the thread in case of'- too much resistancevon the part of the lining of the socket being to force the lining outwardly into the soft body of the socket which forms a cushion between the lining ,i times and the socket remain in proper condif tion for and the cement, or plastic body preventing it from being crushed. A further advantage of this construction resides in the fact that in a socket of this kind the threaded member or screw spike may be turned in orout many roperly retaining the screw, the reason being that the threaded member cannot cut into the socket and the wear will be very slight. A further advantage of pro# vidmg a hard metal corev or lining forl the socket resides in the `-fact that this liningf may be extended tolap-over Lthe end of -the cement orplastic body aroundthe hole or opening in 1t. Such a construction islshown 1n; Fig. 3 where the lining b4 of -the soglget isA shown .having an extension bit-hatjlaps over the end of they/socket and projects upon the surface of the cement or plastic body in which the socket is set in the manner of a -fiange socket with an end extension substantially as shown in the ldotted lines of Fig. 3, this being knocked down after the socket has been set. Such an extension provides a non-cor# rosive facing to the end of the socket, prevents Water or moisture from entering it, and also prevents the cement or plastic material in which the socket is set from deteri-` orating or wearing away around the end of the socket. i

'In Fig. 4 there is shown a form of socket substantially like` the socket shown in Fig.w3 excepting that'othe body b of the socket is made of soft metal which backs the hard metal-lining or core b4 and is reinforced by one ormore coils of wire 57, three coils beto lie between the lines of'the spiral rib on the body of the socket,which rib as before described follows the spiral groove b5 formed in the lining of the socket. These wires not only reinforce and 'give additional strength to the 'soft metal formingthe body `lof the socket, but being arranged, as they preferably are, in positions just adjacent to the spiral groove b5 formed in the lining of the'socket, they assist in supporting the grooved portion of the lining to resist the thread of the screw. They also cause a more evendi'splac'ement of the ooved ortion of the'jlining in lcase it isisplace) intothe soft metal backing of the socket by laterally ing shown. These coils are so arranged as y .undue pressure of the thread of the screw and also provide wearing surfaces of hard metal for the thread of the screw in case the thread should vin 4time wear through the hard metal lining. j

Having thus fully described m invention, I claim and desire to secure by etters Pat; ent of the United States l. A fastening of the character specified, the same comprising a threaded member and a socket adapted to be set into a plastic base and into which socket said threaded member is adapted to screw, said. socket having a thin body of relatively hard metal having on the inside thereof a groove for receivingI the thread of said threaded -member and on the outside a spiral rib of metal thickening said body of the socket at the point of the groovetherein .for reinforcing said body and providing fa metal cushion between said socket 'at the point pf sald groove and the base of plastic'material into which the socket may b e set. f l x.

2. A fastening of the character specified,

`the same comprising a threaded member and asocketl'adapted to be set into. abase of .plastic material and into which socket said threaded member isadapted to screw, the

interior of which socket is made of relatively hard metal having a backing of softer metal.

3. A fastening of the character specified, the same comprising a threaded member and a metal socket into which said threaded member is adapted to screw to become seated therein, said socket having a spiral rib reinforcing the body thereof and a hard metal spiral reinforcement set into the body of said socket and interposed between the lines of its said spiral rib.

4. A fastening of the character specified, the same comprising a threaded member and a socket adapted to be set into a base of plastic material 4and into which socket said threaded member is adapted to screw and become seated therein, said socket having a lining of relatively thin hard metal reinforced by a backing of softer metal.

5. A fastening of the character specied, the same comprising a threaded member and a socket adapted to be set into a base of plastic material and into which socket said threaded member is adapted to screwr to become seated therein, said socket having a lining of thin relatively hard metal and a backing of softer metal adapted to form a cushion between the lining and the plastic material into which the socket is set.

6. A fastening of the character specified, the same comprising athreaded member and a socket adapted to be set into a base of plastic material and into which socket said threaded member is adapted to screw to become seated therein, said socket having on the inside a lining of relatively thin hard metal spirally grooved to receive said threaded member and on the outside a body of softer metal comprising in part a spiral rib reinforcing the body of said socket at the point of the groove on the inside thereof.

7. A fastening of the character specied, the same comprising a threaded member and a socket adapted to be set into a base of plastic material and into which socket said threaded member is adapted to screw to become seatedv therein, said socket having on the inside thereof a lining of relatively thin hard metal having formed therein a spiral groove for receiving the thread of said threaded member and on the outside a body of softer metal and in said body of softer vmetal a hard metal spiral. reinforcement placed adjacent to and backing the groove formed in said lining.

8. A fastening of the'character specified, the same comprising a threaded member and a socket adapted to be set into a base of plastic material and into which socket said v threaded member is adapted to screw to become seated therein, said socket having a metal lining extending from the end of said socket to lap over onto the surface of the plastic base into which the socket is set for sealing the end of said socket.

HER-BERT E. PERCIVAL. In the presence 'of- M. E. FLAHERTY, JOHN E. R. HAYES. 

